Salary · United States

International Trade Attorney Salary 2026: Law Firm vs In-House

On 20 February 2026 the Supreme Court held that IEEPA does not authorize tariffs. CBP stopped collecting those duties four days later. The international-trade desk did not close. This page is the 2026 law-firm versus in-house pay table a general counsel still has to fund.

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01 Start here

The cutoff ended collection. It did not end the paycheck.

Sartori maps 67,000 lawyers in New York. Anyone asking what an international trade lawyer salary looks like in those files in 2026 is asking a question that starts on 20 February, when the Supreme Court held that IEEPA does not authorize tariffs.

Lens 01 · The cutoff IEEPA collection stopped on 24 February 2026. The desk did not.

CBP CSMS 67834313 ended IEEPA duty collection for entries on or after 12:00 a.m. eastern time on 24 February 2026. Executive Order 14389, signed 20 February 2026, left Section 232 and Section 301 in force. Reallocation, not a freeze.

Each lens is a dated instrument. The pay table those instruments still fund is in the next section. Three payrolls, not one average.

$235,000
First-year lockstep base at matching AmLaw firms, effective 1 July 2026Milbank announcement 2 June 2026; not a trade-practice premium
Bloomberg Law; Above the Law, 2 June 2026
$216.7B
CBP duties, taxes and fees collected in FY2025Against $88.1 billion in FY2024; includes refund adjustments
CBP Trade Statistics, updated 27 July 2026
$188.6B
Treasury customs-duty receipts, FY2026 through AprilAgainst $59.2 billion in the comparable FY2025 period
Monthly Treasury Statement, April 2026
$197,200
GS-15 cap (EX-IV) on 2026 federal attorney payOPM locality tables 2026-DCB and 2026-NY, January 2026
OPM Salary Tables 2026-DCB and 2026-NY
02 The table a GC funds

What an international trade lawyer salary actually funds

There is no published national average for this practice. There are three payrolls a general counsel can actually write a check against, and they do not move together.

The lockstep raise is a firm-compensation event. Bloomberg Law reported on 2 June 2026 that Milbank lifted associate bases to a range of $235,000 to $455,000, with McDermott matching; Above the Law the same day put the effective date at 1 July 2026. Trade associates at matching AmLaw firms sit on that grid. They are not paid a published “trade differential.” The class-year rungs a chief legal officer hits when the seat sits at a matching firm — fourth-year $320,000, fifth-year $385,000, eighth-year $455,000 — are the Biglaw Investor compilation of that announcement, current as of 11 September 2026. The full lockstep ladder lives on our 2026 BigLaw associate salary scale.

The DC remedies posting is a different check. Kelley Drye’s employer page for an International Trade Mid-Level Associate in Washington, 4 to 6 years, Title VII focus, lists $275,000–$305,000 for hires who will work or reside in the District. Wiley’s lateral page posts an International Trade Associate (Remedies) at $260,000 to $365,000, with a minimum of three years of AD/CVD and the ability to lead Commerce or USITC cases. Both bands sit on the employer’s own careers page. Neither is a market median. A general counsel who budgets lockstep fourth-year cash for a Title VII mid-level is budgeting above one of those posted DC ranges.

The in-house payroll is the one the company actually carries. Amazon.jobs posting 10436828, Corporate Counsel, Global Trade Legal, lists a New York base of $169,300–$229,000 and Arlington and Seattle bases of $153,900–$208,200, plus sign-on and RSUs, for a J.D. with five or more post-bar years and customs, import and export experience. Association of Corporate Counsel / Empsight medians, data effective 1 March 2025 from 1,632 U.S. in-house respondents, put Attorney base at $148,000, Senior Attorney at $201,000, Expert Attorney at $227,000, Associate General Counsel at $245,000 and Deputy General Counsel at $280,000. ACC does not publish an international-trade cut in that summary. The 2026 in-house counsel salary guide is the broader cash table; this page is the trade-desk overlay on it.

Four posted or announced 2026 cash points on one axis: an importer-side Global Trade Legal base in New York, two DC remedies ceilings, and the lockstep eighth-year base. The shaded band is the posted DC remedies floor-to-ceiling range. These are advertised or announced figures, not salaries paid.
DC remedies posted bases
$150K$480K

Amazon NY Global Trade Legal floor

Corporate Counsel, Global Trade Legal, New York base on Amazon.jobs posting 10436828.

Amazon.jobs, accessed 11 September 2026 ↗
ACC / Empsight U.S. in-house median base by title, data effective 1 March 2025, 1,632 respondents. All practices; the survey summary has no international-trade cut. This is the generic payroll a general counsel already funds, against which a trade seat has to clear.

Association of Corporate Counsel / Empsight, 2025 Law Department Compensation Survey Executive Summary.

A general counsel funds a desk, not a national average.
On the three payrolls
03 What still collects

The cash that kept moving after IEEPA stopped.

A pay table without a docket is a rumor. The instruments below are why a chief legal officer is still funding this seat in the second half of 2026.

CBP’s trade-statistics table, updated 27 July 2026, puts FY2025 duties, taxes and fees at $216.711 billion against $88.079 billion in FY2024. On a typical FY2025 day, the same agency processed about $9.8 billion of imported products, 137,217 merchandise entries, and $618 million in duties, taxes and other fees, including more than $550 million in duties (page modified 5 June 2026). Those are operational collections, not law-firm fees, and they are the volume a head of legal is staffing against.

Treasury’s cash series tells the same story from the receipts side. The Monthly Treasury Statement for the month ending 30 April 2026 records $188,617 million in customs duties for FY2026 through April against $59,214 million in the comparable FY2025 period. First quarter of FY2026 (October–December 2025) alone was $90,002 million against $20,824 million a year earlier. A general counsel who treated 20 February as the date the tariff file closed is reading a court holding as if it were a collections stop across every statute. It was not.

The programs that never needed IEEPA kept assessing. The same CBP table, updated 5 July 2026, puts FY2025 Section 301 China-product duties at $35.60 billion, Section 232 automobiles at $17.68 billion, Section 232 steel and aluminum at $8.08 billion, Section 232 automobile parts at $5.22 billion, and Section 232 derivatives of steel and aluminum at $13.12 billion. The Section 122 surcharge that replaced IEEPA collection from 24 February 2026 through 24 July 2026 was assessed at $31.06 billion in FY2026. Those lines do not add into one “tariff boom” number; they are separate statutory programs, and each one is a different brief.

IEEPA ad valoremEverything that never needed IEEPA

  1. The collection that stopped Additional IEEPA duties under the named April 2025 reciprocal-tariff architecture. ACE HTSUS numbers went inactive. Classification work on those numbers drops.
  2. The surcharge that replaced it A 150-day Section 122 import surcharge, exception eligibility, origin, and a second HTSUS reprogramming if Congress does not extend. Mid-level entry-summary work, not a partner book.
  3. The statutes that never moved Section 232, Section 301, de minimis suspension, UFLPA, EAPA, CFIUS, outbound investment, export controls. The in-house customs and screening desks stay loaded whether or not IEEPA refunds peak.
CBP trade-remedy duties assessed in FY2025 by statutory program, in billions of dollars. Section 122 is omitted here because that surcharge is a FY2026 program. These lines are not added; each one is a different legal file.

CBP Trade Statistics, trade-remedy duties assessed, updated 5 July 2026.

Refunds are a 2026 litigation cycle of their own. An 8 April 2026 Skadden client alert, originally dated 24 March 2026, restates a CBP Office of Trade declaration in Atmus Filtration, Inc. v. United States putting approximately $166 billion of IEEPA duties collected across more than 53 million entries filed by over 330,000 importers, with more than 2,500 individual IEEPA tariff cases at the Court of International Trade. That is a law-firm restatement of a court record, not a Treasury statistical release. It still tells a head of legal why CIT-qualified customs litigators — often New York and Washington — remain a 2026 cost, not a 2025 hangover.

Forced-labor and evasion work did not wait on the Supreme Court. CBP’s Forced Labor Enforcement page records 7,325 shipments stopped in FY2025, value $164.47 million. CBP’s 29 July 2026 EAPA release put more than $1 billion in additional duties owed in 2026, with 14 notices of determination. The trade-and-customs market page owns the in-house trade-compliance hiring seat those dockets create. This page only prices the lawyer who sits in it.

Sortable — dated dockets still live after the IEEPA cutoff, as compiled from CBP, USITC, Treasury and a FY2025 petition count. Click a column header to re-rank. Figures are program counts or dollars, not lawyer headcount.
Instrument Window Count or dollars What it prices on payroll
AD/CVD petitions FY2025 91 Title VII mid-level associates at Commerce and the USITC
Section 337 complaints FY2025 48 Unfair-import / 337 seats, not interchangeable with Title VII
CFIUS covered filings CY2025 347 CFIUS counsel at M&A/national-security groups
Forced-labor shipment stops FY2025 7,325 UFLPA / WRO counsel at importers
EAPA additional duties identified 2026 $1B+ AD/CVD-evasion litigators, mid-level and up
Informal entry summaries FY2026 YTD 63.2M In-house customs at e-commerce and retail importers
04 Who sits where

One title, four desks, three cities.

Chambers USA 2026 does not rank an 'international lawyer.' It ranks Customs against CFIUS Experts. The career pages that are actually open hire to those labels.

A general counsel buying outside counsel is buying a label. Chambers USA 2026 Nationwide International Trade: Customs puts a customs and importer-facing bar in Band 1 at Akin and Sidley; Band 2 includes Crowell & Moring and Faegre Drinker. The same year’s International Trade: CFIUS Experts ranking puts Band 1 at Covington, Kirkland & Ellis and White & Case. Those are directory rankings of who wins the work, not headcount and not pay. They are still the map. A technology or private-equity chief legal officer funding a CFIUS filing is not buying the desk that files an AD petition.

The firm seat for Title VII is Washington. Crowell’s International Trade Group page describes 50 or more lawyers and trade professionals across customs, trade remedies, national security and forced labor, with offices including Washington, New York, Chicago and Los Angeles. Picard Kentz & Rowe describes a DC boutique of 20 attorneys and analysts serving domestic-industry coalitions. Wiley will not sponsor an export license for its remedies associate role; candidates complete an Export Control Eligibility Assessment distinct from I-9, because the work may involve ITAR or EAR-controlled technology. That is a U.S.-person gate, not a bar exam, and it is on the firm’s own policy notice.

The in-house seat is often not in Washington. Amazon’s Global Trade Legal posting is New York, Arlington and Seattle — operating cities, not the ITC building. CBP’s Office of Chief Counsel, International Trade Litigation, sits in New York and covers the Court of International Trade docket; a USAJOBS announcement for that office ran GS-11 step 1 $88,005 to GS-14 step 10 $192,694. CBP Regulations and Rulings, as described on the Customs and International Trade Bar Association’s CBP page, employs approximately 130 attorney-advisors. This page does not coin a third city.

One job titleFour different files

  1. Title VII / AD-CVD Commerce and USITC records, APO access, questionnaires. The Wiley and Kelley Drye spec: three to six years, already able to lead a case.
  2. Customs / ACE Classification, valuation, origin, drawback, FTZ, entry programs for low-value flows. The importer-side Global Trade Legal seat, often outside DC.
  3. CFIUS / export / outbound Treasury notices, 31 C.F.R. part 850 notifications, EAR/ITAR eligibility. A different firm cluster, a different in-house reporting line, a different band.
Practice labels that appear on employer and ranking pages, mapped to seat, forum and buyer. This is a scoping table for a requisition, not a salary survey.
Label Typical seat Forum Who pays
Trade remedies / Title VII DC firm International Trade; USITC OGC; Commerce OCC-TEC Commerce, USITC, CIT, Federal Circuit U.S. producers and associations; foreign respondents; PE-backed manufacturers
Customs / import compliance Firm Customs; in-house Global Trade / Customs Counsel; CBP R&R and OCC CBP, CIT Importers, retailers, OEMs
Tariffs / 301 / 232 / 122 Firm trade policy; Commerce OCC-IC; USTR USTR, Commerce, CBP Importers and exporters facing stacked additional duties
Export controls / EAR / ITAR Firm trade-controls; in-house trade compliance; BIS counsel BIS, DDTC, OFAC Defense, semiconductor, dual-use manufacturers
CFIUS / outbound investment CFIUS Experts firms; Commerce OCC-IC Treasury/CFIUS; 31 C.F.R. part 850 Foreign investors, PE/VC, U.S. targets
Section 337 unfair imports Firm 337/IP; USITC OGC 337 USITC, Federal Circuit Patent holders and respondents
Forced labor / UFLPA / WRO Firm human-rights/trade; CBP OCC Enforcement; in-house supply-chain counsel CBP Importers in auto, apparel, solar, electronics

Federal desks train the private bar and cap below it. USITC Attorney-Advisor (Trade Remedies) lists GS-11 through GS-15 at $85,447–$197,200; the Section 337 seat is GS-14/15 at $143,913–$197,200. Commerce Office of the Chief Counsel for International Commerce posted an Attorney Advisor, GS-12–14, on 12 February 2026 at $102,415–$187,093, Washington, Secret clearance, U.S. citizenship, excepted service. OPM Salary Table 2026-DCB (33.94 percent locality, January 2026) puts GS-14 at $143,913–$187,093 and GS-15 at $169,279 then capped at $197,200 from step 6. OPM 2026-NY (37.95 percent locality) puts GS-14 at $148,222–$192,694. A head of talent comparing a GS-15 cap to lockstep eighth-year cash is looking at why agency alumni leave, not at a competing offer the company can match with locality pay.

Mixing CFIUS and Title VII on one mid-level seat is how a search stalls.
On the requisition
05 The 2026 calendar

Pay reset twice. The docket reset on a different clock.

America First Trade Policy assigned the work in January 2025. Lockstep moved the cost of an AmLaw associate in June 2026. Those are not the same event, and a general counsel who conflates them misprices the seat.

Policy assignmentPay event

  1. The assignment A January 2025 presidential memorandum told Commerce, Treasury and USTR to report on deficits, de minimis, Section 232, AD/CVD procedure and outbound investment. Senior trade-policy counsel, not first-year generalists.
  2. The classification wave April 2025 reciprocal duties, a July 2025 rate reset, a 43-day Title VII shutdown, then a compressed ACCESS docket. Mid-level customs and remedies associates who already knew the file.
  3. The pay raise A June 2026 lockstep announcement, effective July. It raised the cost of every matching AmLaw trade associate. It did not add a docket and it did not subtract one.

The America First Trade Policy memorandum of 20 January 2025 directed Commerce, Treasury and USTR to report by 1 April 2025 on goods-trade deficits, a possible global supplemental tariff, the $800 de minimis exemption, Section 232, export-control loopholes, AD/CVD procedure, and whether the outbound-investment rule should be modified. It also told USTR to commence USMCA review consultations under 19 U.S.C. 4611(b) in preparation for the July 2026 review. That is the assignment that produced 2025–26 origination. It is still the policy spine.

Executive Order 14257 of 2 April 2025 imposed the additional 10 percent ad valorem duty from 5 April 2025, with country-specific Annex I rates from 9 April 2025. Executive Order 14326 of 31 July 2025 replaced many country rates effective 7 August 2025. Commerce Enforcement and Compliance then closed from 1 October to 13 November 2025. A 14 November 2025 tolling memo uniformly tolled E&C deadlines 47 days; a subsequent Federal Register notice (5 January 2026) records a further 21 days for an ACCESS backlog of about 8,535 documents. Picard Kentz recorded no new AD/CVD petitions in the first 1.5 months of FY2026. The catch-up favored mid-levels who already knew ACCESS, not laterals who needed ramp time.

Outbound investment has been in force since 2 January 2025 (31 C.F.R. part 850). DHS’s UFLPA Entity List still shows new effective dates of 3 August 2026. Miller & Chevalier’s 12 August 2026 BIS year-in-review restates the Cadence combined civil/criminal package of about $140 million (July 2025), the Applied Materials package of about $252 million (February 2026), and the Bosch civil penalty of about $36 million (June 2026); BIS.gov headlines the Bosch figure as $36,184,680. Those penalty dollars are not in-house counsel pay. They are why a head of legal at a semiconductor or auto-supplier still funds an export-controls lawyer after the IEEPA refund docket peaks.

06 Pricing the hire

The New York associate line, applied to a trade brief.

Sartori has worked the New York market for more than ten years. Over the trailing three years the associate desk closed 33 searches at a 93 percent completion rate, on a typical timeline of 6 to 12 weeks.

Across 1,675 structured interviews with New York partners and counsel, 128 general counsel, deputy GCs and heads of legal at importer, manufacturer or retailer legal departments over a 24-month window named mid-level customs or Title VII experience — not a first-year lockstep seat — as the scarce hire. Of those 128, 81 said the 2025–26 tariff architecture had forced them to reopen whether trade work sits on payroll or on a firm panel. That is a make-versus-buy question, and it is the question this page is for.

Mandate telemetry is smaller because it is mandates, not interviews. Of the 33 closed New York associate searches over three years, 11 carried a trade, customs, export-controls or CFIUS brief. Of those 11, 7 were in-house importer or OEM seats and 4 were law-firm associate seats. Four of the 11 did not complete on the first shortlist: the company had written “international trade” as if it were one desk, and the candidates who could run a Commerce AD/CVD file could not run an ACE classification program. Those four ran past the 12-week band. The city-line completion rate is still 93 percent; the delay was in the brief, not in the market.

Counter-offers on the New York associate line hit 37 percent. Five of the 11 trade-adjacent files drew one. Median offer-to-acceptance on that line is 11 working days; the five counter-offered files still signed inside that window once the company matched total cash to the payroll the candidate was actually leaving — lockstep, a DC remedies band, or an in-house package — rather than to a blended “trade lawyer” number. A general counsel at a U.S. retail importer put the IEEPA week to us without romance: the cutoff did not shrink the desk, it moved the work onto refunds, protests and the surcharge that replaced the duties. A head of legal at a PE-backed manufacturing platform had budgeted lockstep fourth-year cash and then read the Kelley Drye posting at $275,000–$305,000. The second number is what they funded.

Two anonymized composites sit inside that 11-file set. An importer-side Global Trade Legal seat, reporting to an associate general counsel, closed in nine weeks against the New York in-house band rather than against lockstep; the candidate’s firm counter-offered, and the company matched total cash to the posted New York range. A PE-backed manufacturer that came in asking for a New York “trade associate” was restaffed as a DC Title VII 4-to-6-year after the first shortlist came back export-controls people; that file closed against the posted $275,000–$305,000 band. A third brief, asking one mid-level to cover CFIUS and customs, is the uncomfortable one: it is one of the four that missed the first shortlist, and we should have split the specification before we opened the search.

Your exposure is a payroll choice and a statute, not a national average. The New York associate desk closed 33 files in three years; the 11 that touched trade stalled when the label was wrong, not when the money was.

  • Name the statute first. Title VII, customs, CFIUS, export controls or UFLPA. One label per requisition.
  • Pick the payroll on purpose. Lockstep, a DC remedies posting, or an in-house band. Do not blend them into a “trade” midpoint.
  • Budget the counter-offer. The New York associate line sees them on more than a third of files, and trade-adjacent files were not cheaper to defend.
  • Do not gold-plate seniority. First-year lockstep is a firm event. The scarce spec is three to six years of the actual docket.
  • Use the panel for spikes. Refund waves and inclusion windows are episodic. Bring the seat in-house when ACE, UFLPA or outbound notification is a standing file.

Your next paycheck is one of three payrolls. Saying “international trade” on a CV does not tell a general counsel which one you are asking them to fund.

  • Lead with the forum. Commerce, USITC, CBP, CIT, CFIUS or BIS. The buyer on the other side of the table already knows the difference.
  • Price the payroll you are leaving. Lockstep, a boutique posting, GS-14/15 or an in-house median. A blended ask loses the process.
  • Count your AD/CVD years. The open DC specs start at three years and tighten at four to six. Below that, the seat is a different product.
  • Know the U.S.-person gate. Some firm offers will not sponsor an export license. That is an eligibility screen, not a diversity form.
  • Test the market quietly. Our associate candidate desk and the private-practice versus in-house salary guide are the two places to do that without putting a current seat at risk.

The service view of the New York associate book sits on our New York associate recruiting page. Companies putting the seat on their own payroll, rather than on a firm panel, should start with in-house counsel recruiting in New York. Sartori’s quarterly survey since 2019, in the wave closing June 2026, recorded that 19 of 31 New York in-house respondents who named a live tariff or customs file expected to fund that work on payroll within 12 months rather than on a firm panel.

07 What the figure leaves out

A trade lawyer salary without a statute is not a number a board can use.

Every number above is a payroll, a posting, a survey of all lawyers, or a docket. None of them is a national headcount of international-trade attorneys.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics for May 2025, SOC 23-1011, counts 754,500 lawyers at a mean annual wage of $185,840. That is every lawyer in OEWS-covered establishments. It is not a trade-lawyer series, and it should not be quoted as one. NALP’s June 2025 bulletin put the overall median first-year associate base at $200,000 as of 1 January 2025, with a modal reported salary of $225,000 at 32.0 percent of offices and 56.5 percent of New York City offices among 23 reporting. That survey predates the July 2026 raise. It is the last association print. It is not 2026 lockstep and it is not a trade-practice cut.

ACC’s 2025 executive summary is the in-house table a general counsel can defend in a compensation committee, and it is silent on international trade. An Attorney with prior law-firm experience earns a median base 16 percent higher than peers without firm experience; merit increases for those not promoted averaged 3.5 percent (median 3.0 percent); 28 percent of respondents changed jobs in the past two years. CLOs at companies with revenue greater than $5 billion make 44 percent more in base than CLOs at companies under $1 billion. Those are all-practice facts from 1 March 2025 data. A trade-counsel premium on top of them was not published, so it is omitted.

Partner profits, origination and billed-rate cards for trade practices were not read as dated primary figures and are omitted. Hourly rates are omitted. A national headcount of international-trade attorneys is omitted. Informal-entry counts and UFLPA dashboard cumulatives use different methodologies and are not added. Cadence’s $95 million BIS administrative penalty and the $140 million combined package are different cut-points and are not added. The methodology page sets out how Sartori’s own interview cohort, mandate telemetry and quarterly surveys are built.

Common questions about international-trade attorney pay in 2026

What is a typical international trade lawyer salary in the United States in 2026?

There is no single 2026 figure: lockstep bases run $235,000–$455,000 from 1 July 2026. Bloomberg Law reported the Milbank raise on 2 June 2026, matched by McDermott; that grid is firm compensation, not a published trade differential. A Washington Title VII associate was posted at $275,000–$305,000 on Kelley Drye’s careers page, and Wiley posted a remedies associate at $260,000–$365,000. Association of Corporate Counsel medians, data effective 1 March 2025, put an in-house Attorney at $148,000 base and an Associate General Counsel at $245,000 — all practices, not a trade cut. A general counsel funds one of those payrolls, not an unsourced national average.

How much does in-house global-trade or customs counsel cost on payroll?

Posted importer-side bases sit well below lockstep: Amazon’s Corporate Counsel, Global Trade Legal role advertised a New York base of $169,300–$229,000. Arlington and Seattle on the same posting were $153,900–$208,200. ACC’s 2025 survey, data effective 1 March 2025 across 1,632 U.S. in-house respondents, put Senior Attorney median base at $201,000 and Associate General Counsel at $245,000. ACC does not publish an international-trade cut in that summary, so a chief legal officer is comparing a generic title median to a named posting, not to a trade-counsel series.

Did the February 2026 IEEPA ruling collapse trade-attorney pay?

No. CBP stopped collecting IEEPA duties on 24 February 2026; Section 232, Section 301 and a 150-day Section 122 surcharge kept collecting. CBP recorded $216.7 billion in duties, taxes and fees in FY2025 against $88.1 billion in FY2024, and Treasury customs-duty receipts through April 2026 were $188.6 billion. The work reallocated toward refunds, surcharge stacking, 232 inclusions, EAPA and CFIUS. Mid-level DC remedies associates and senior in-house customs counsel remain the scarce seats; first-year lockstep is a pay event, not a trade-statute event.

What should a general counsel budget for a mid-level trade seat?

Budget the desk, not the word international: a Title VII mid-level at a DC practice was posted at $275,000–$305,000, while lockstep fourth-year cash is $320,000 from 1 July 2026. An importer-side Global Trade Legal seat in New York was posted at $169,300–$229,000. Of 33 closed New York associate searches Sartori completed over three years, 11 carried a trade, customs, export-controls or CFIUS brief; 4 of those 11 missed the first shortlist because the requisition treated those desks as one hire. Split the specification before you split the band.

How long does a U.S. international-trade attorney search take?

Sartori’s New York associate desk works to a typical 6 to 12 week timeline at a 93 percent completion rate. That is the city-line figure, not a trade-only clock. Of the 11 trade-adjacent files inside 33 closed New York associate searches over three years, 4 ran past the 12-week band because the company had specified one “international” seat. Median offer-to-acceptance on the New York associate line is 11 working days; counter-offers hit 37 percent of that line, and 5 of the 11 trade-adjacent files drew one.

Is a customs attorney salary the same as Title VII or CFIUS pay?

No. Wiley’s remedies associate asks for at least three years of AD/CVD; CFIUS is a different bar. Chambers USA 2026 ranks Customs and CFIUS Experts as separate nationwide lists, and the career pages that are open hire to those labels. Kelley Drye’s Title VII seat is 4–6 years with a DC bar. CFIUS work sits in a different firm cluster (Chambers Band 1 names Covington, Kirkland and White & Case). A trade lawyer salary at an importer is the Amazon-type customs band; a CFIUS filing is an M&A/national-security purchase. Mixing them on one requisition is how a search stalls.

08 Sources

White House instruments, CBP tables, and the pay surveys a general counsel can open.

Tariff and screening dates come from executive orders, CBP CSMS messages and agency statistical pages. Pay figures come from firm announcements, employer career pages, NALP, ACC/Empsight and OPM. Docket counts that a law firm compiled from a public docket are labeled as such.

Sources and further reading

46 references
  1. Sartori & Partners — New York Legal Talent Research Programme (1,675 structured interviews; ~67,000 lawyers mapped; quarterly surveys since 2019; mandate telemetry) sartoriglobal.com ↗
  2. Ending Certain Tariff Actions (Executive Order 14389) whitehouse.gov ↗
  3. CSMS #67834313 — Ending Collection of International Emergency Economic Powers Act Duties content.govdelivery.com ↗
  4. Imposing a Temporary Import Surcharge to Address Fundamental International Payments Problems whitehouse.gov ↗
  5. Regulating Imports With a Reciprocal Tariff… (Executive Order 14257) whitehouse.gov ↗
  6. Further Modifying the Reciprocal Tariff Rates (Executive Order 14326) whitehouse.gov ↗
  7. Continuing the Suspension of Duty-Free De Minimis Treatment for All Countries (Executive Order 14388) whitehouse.gov ↗
  8. America First Trade Policy whitehouse.gov ↗
  9. CBP Trade Statistics cbp.gov ↗
  10. On a Typical Day in Fiscal Year 2025, CBP… cbp.gov ↗
  11. Monthly Treasury Statement (April 2026) fiscaldata.treasury.gov ↗
  12. Trump v. V.O.S. Selections (25-250) scotusblog.com ↗
  13. Tariff Refund Mechanism Takes Shape After Supreme Court's IEEPA Ruling skadden.com ↗
  14. Number of New Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Petitions Remains High in Fiscal Year 2025 pkrllp.com ↗
  15. Section 337 Statistics usitc.gov ↗
  16. Treasury Releases CFIUS Annual Report for 2025 home.treasury.gov ↗
  17. CBP Uncovers Record $1 Billion in Duty Evasion under EAPA cbp.gov ↗
  18. Forced Labor Enforcement cbp.gov ↗
  19. UFLPA Entity List dhs.gov ↗
  20. Milbank, McDermott Raise Associate Salaries Up to $455,000 news.bloomberglaw.com ↗
  21. ALERT: Milbank Does It Again - Associate Salaries Are Going Up!!! abovethelaw.com ↗
  22. Biglaw Salary Scale + Bonuses (1968 - 2026) biglawinvestor.com ↗
  23. $225,000 Entry-Level Salaries Not Yet the Standard at Large Firms nalp.org ↗
  24. Starting law firm associate pay has been flat since 2023, NALP reports reuters.com ↗
  25. International Trade Mid-Level Associate — Kelley Drye kelleydrye.com ↗
  26. Lateral Openings: Wiley wiley.law ↗
  27. Corporate Counsel, Global Trade Legal — Amazon.jobs amazon.jobs ↗
  28. 2025 Law Department Compensation Survey Executive Summary acc.com ↗
  29. Salary Table 2026-DCB opm.gov ↗
  30. Salary Table 2026-NY opm.gov ↗
  31. Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics survey by occupation, May 2025 bls.gov ↗
  32. Attorney-Advisor Jobs — USITC usitc.gov ↗
  33. OCC-IC Attorney Advisor announcement (12 February 2026) citba.org ↗
  34. International Trade: Customs, USA - Nationwide — Chambers USA 2026 chambers.com ↗
  35. International Trade: CFIUS Experts, USA - Nationwide — Chambers USA 2026 chambers.com ↗
  36. Program Regulations — Treasury Outbound Investment Security Program home.treasury.gov ↗
  37. One Year Suspension of Expansion of End-User Controls for Affiliates of Certain Listed Entities (90 FR 50857) thefederalregister.org ↗
  38. BIS Export Controls 2025 Year-in-Review and 2026 Mid-Year Update millerchevalier.com ↗
  39. Proclamation 10908 — Adjusting Imports of Automobiles and Automobile Parts into the United States govinfo.gov ↗
  40. Commerce FR notice — 47-day plus 21-day shutdown tolling govinfo.gov ↗
  41. International Trade Attorneys | Sanctions, CFIUS and Trade Remedies Lawyers — Crowell & Moring crowell.com ↗
  42. Home | Picard Kentz & Rowe LLP pkrllp.com ↗
  43. U.S. Customs and Border Protection — CITBA agency roster citba.org ↗
  44. CBP OCC International Trade Litigation, New York usajobs.gov ↗
  45. Export Control Compliance Policy Notice — Wiley wiley.law ↗
  46. Monthly Treasury Statement (December 2025) fiscaldata.treasury.gov ↗

CBP duties/taxes/fees include estimated and final amounts and refund adjustments; CBP states these are not official U.S. trade statistics. Treasury customs-duty receipts are a different series. IEEPA refund stock is a CBP declaration restated by counsel in a published alert, not a Monthly Treasury Statement line. FY2025 AD/CVD petition volume is a law-firm docket count. ACC medians are all in-house titles and all industries. NALP figures are as of 1 January 2025. Employer bands are advertised ranges, not salaries paid. Cadence administrative and combined penalty figures are different cut-points and are not added.

Our own numbers — the New York interview cohort, the associate-line mandate telemetry, the counter-offer incidence and the offer-to-acceptance window — come from the continuous research program described on our research page, which sets out the cohorts, the survey waves and the mapping coverage behind every Sartori figure quoted above.

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